Espresso

Espresso is an infrastructure layer designed to give Ethereum Layer 2 chains fast, reliable transaction confirmations backed by Byzantine Fault Tolerant consensus. It positions itself as a shared confirmation layer that lets multiple chains access near-instant, credibly neutral information about activity across all connected chains. The problem it addresses is one faced by rollup operators and cross-chain applications: slow or unreliable finality, sequencer equivocation, and the risk of chain reorganizations that complicate intent-based and cross-chain systems.

Espresso operates as a global confirmation layer that rollup chains can plug into, receiving BFT-backed confirmations without waiting for slower base-layer finality. Beyond confirmations, chains can optionally use Espresso as a decentralized sequencer or a low-cost data availability layer, giving it multiple roles within a rollup's infrastructure stack. The ESP token exists within this system, though the data available here does not detail the specific on-chain mechanics governing how the token is used, staked, or required to access the network's services.

The data stored for Espresso does not include a fee revenue stream, so fee-based measures such as protocol income or fee yields are not available on this site for this asset. What the data does record is a circulating supply of 690,432,761 ESP at the time of measurement, representing 19.17% of what would be the total supply if all tokens were issued, with a fully diluted value to market capitalization ratio of 5.23. The dilution overhang stands at 423.14% point-in-time, meaning the volume of tokens not yet in circulation is large relative to those that are, and the supply pending figure of 421.64% reflects a similar scale of tokens that remain to be distributed.