Espresso

Espresso is an infrastructure layer designed to give Layer 2 blockchain networks fast, reliable transaction confirmations backed by Byzantine Fault Tolerant consensus. It positions itself as a global confirmation layer, meaning multiple chains can plug into it and gain near-instant, credibly neutral information about activity across all connected networks. The problem it addresses is the fragmentation and delay that arise when independent rollups or chains cannot quickly and safely verify what is happening on one another.

Espresso operates a confirmation layer that uses BFT consensus to finalize transaction ordering and prevent sequencer equivocation, which is the risk that a sequencer reports conflicting transaction histories to different parties. Chains that integrate Espresso can use it as a decentralized sequencer or as a low-cost data availability layer, reducing finality risk particularly for solvers in intent-based systems. The ESP token exists within this ecosystem, though the stored data does not specify the precise on-chain mechanics governing how it is used or required within the protocol.

The data stored for Espresso does not include a fee revenue stream, so no figures are available describing who pays fees, who receives them, or what the protocol retains. This means fee-based valuation measures that this site would normally report are not applicable here. What the data does show is that the circulating supply of 667,809,692.521383 ESP represents only about 18.54 percent of what is anticipated to be the total supply, with a dilution overhang of roughly 440.45 percent of the current circulating base, indicating a large volume of tokens not yet in circulation.