المرجع
المسرد
كل مصطلح ستصادفه في هذا الموقع ومعظم ما ستصادفه في غيره، مُعرَّف في جملة واحدة يفهمها المبتدئ، ثم مشروح على النحو الوافي. حيث يكون مصطلح عرضةً للسوء الفهم المتكرر، تُوضِّح المادة كيف يحدث ذلك.
Consensus & Security22Cryptography8Custody & Access15Data & Measurement27DeFi17Foundations20Institutional Access13Market Structure28Regulation & Policy19Risk & Failure Modes23Scaling & Infrastructure18Stablecoins13Tokens & Supply37
26 المصطلحات المعروضة
| المصطلح | الفئة | في جملة واحدة |
|---|---|---|
| Sanctions Screening | Regulation & Policy | Checking customers, counterparties, and blockchain addresses against government lists of parties that firms are forbidden to deal with. |
| Sandwich Attack | Risk & Failure Modes | Placing one trade immediately before and another immediately after someone else's swap, so their trade moves the price in your favor. |
| Security (legal sense) | Regulation & Policy | A financial instrument that falls under investor-protection law, which forces whoever sells it to register the offering or qualify for an exemption. |
| Seed Phrase | Cryptography | A list of ordinary words, usually twelve or twenty-four, that encodes the master secret from which a wallet's keys are generated. |
| Self-Custody | Custody & Access | Keeping your own private keys, so that no company can move, freeze, or lose your digital assets on your behalf. |
| Sequencer | Scaling & Infrastructure | The party that receives layer 2 transactions, decides their order, and packages them for posting to the base chain. |
| Settlement | Market Structure | The moment a trade becomes final and the asset and the payment have actually changed hands. |
| Sharding | Scaling & Infrastructure | Splitting a network so each node handles only part of the work, instead of every node processing every transaction. |
| Short Squeeze | Market Structure | A sharp price rise driven by traders with short positions closing them, which requires purchasing the asset back. |
| Sidechain | Scaling & Infrastructure | An independent blockchain with its own validators that connects to a main chain through a bridge. |
| Slashing | Consensus & Security | The automatic destruction of part of a validator's staked deposit as a penalty for provably harmful behavior. |
| Slippage | Market Structure | The difference between the price a trader expected and the price actually received when the trade completes. |
| Smart Contract | Foundations | A program stored on a blockchain that runs exactly as written whenever someone sends it a transaction. |
| Smart Contract Risk | Risk & Failure Modes | The risk that the code running a blockchain application behaves differently from what users expect, and money is lost as a result. |
| Soft Fork | Consensus & Security | A rule change that only tightens the rules, so nodes that have not upgraded still accept the new blocks. |
| Spot ETF | Institutional Access | An exchange-listed product that holds the asset itself, so its share price tracks the asset's market price rather than futures contracts. |
| Spot Market | Market Structure | The market where an asset is traded for immediate delivery and payment, rather than as a contract to be settled later. |
| Spread | Market Structure | The gap between the highest price anyone is currently willing to pay and the lowest price anyone is currently willing to accept. |
| Stablecoin | Stablecoins | A digital token designed to keep a steady value, usually one unit per dollar, so it can be used for payments and trading. |
| Stablecoin Legislation | Regulation & Policy | Laws setting who may issue a stablecoin, what assets must back it, and what holders are entitled to redeem. |
| Staking | Tokens & Supply | Locking up a digital asset to help run and secure a proof-of-stake blockchain, in return for a share of the rewards the network pays. |
| Staking Ratio | Data & Measurement | The share of an asset's supply that is currently staked, shown as a percentage. |
| Staking Yield | Tokens & Supply | The rate of rewards a staker earns, usually quoted as a yearly percentage of the amount staked. |
| State | Foundations | The current record of who owns what and what every contract stores, produced by applying all past transactions in order. |
| Supply-Side Revenue | Data & Measurement | The share of user fees that goes to the participants providing the service, such as liquidity providers, lenders, validators, or miners. |
| Survivorship Bias | Data & Measurement | A distortion that appears when failed or delisted assets drop out of a dataset, making the ones that remain look representative when they are not. |